RETRACTED: A novel approach for EMHD Williamson nanofluid over nonlinear sheet with double stratification and Ohmic dissipation
Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Ramzan, Yasir Mehmood, Tanveer Sajid, Sajid Shah, M.Y. Malik
Abstract
The current article highlights the non-Newtonian Williamson nanofluid with electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow over a nonlinear expanding sheet. Thermal and solutal stratification effects are considered due to the higher temperature difference and the impact of variable viscosity along with Ohmic dissipation is also incorporated. Transformation is applied for the conversion of physical partial differential equations (PDEs) into non-dimensional higher order nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). A well-known analytical approach known as the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is effectively applied to solve the differential equations. Different non-dimensional emerging parameters such as Weissenberg and Hartman number, Brownian motion and stratification parameters, stretching index, viscosity parameter, and Lewis number are used to check their impacts on velocity, concentration, and temperature profiles. To acquire the optimal solution through HAM, ℏ -curves are drawn. In the tabulated form, the numerical values for the non-dimensional Nusselt number and skin friction are arranged.