Self-Powered Landslide Displacement Sensor Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Yongquan Zhang, Chuan Wu
Abstract
Landslides, as geological disasters, can cause significant damage to people and property. Monitoring landslide displacement and velocity are essential parameters for predicting landslides. This research proposes a self-powered landslide displacement sensor which can measure the landslide displacement and velocity based on the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Test results demonstrate that the sensor can measure the displacement range of 0–42 mm and the velocity range of 0–1 cm/s within environmental temperature and humidity range of 0 °C–75 °C and 0%–90%, respectively. The sensor measures displacement in discrete intervals within the measurement range with a minimum resolution of 3 mm, and the measurement errors of displacement and velocity are both less than 3%. In addition, the sensor is self-powered, and power generation tests show that the sensor can output the maximum power of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$281\times 10^{-{10}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> W when the external load resistance is 10 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{M}\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . Compared with traditional landslide monitoring sensors, the self-powered feature makes this sensor more suitable for use in the field monitoring environment.