Oleic Acid, Cholesterol, and Linoleic Acid as Angiogenesis Initiators
Faith Pwaniyibo Samson, Ambrose Teru Patrick, Tosin Esther Fabunmi, Muhammad Falalu Yahaya, Joshua Osuigwe Madu, Weilue He, Srinivas R. Sripathi, Jennifer Tyndall, Hayatu Raji, Donghyun Jee, Diana Gutsaeva, Wan Jin Jahng
Abstract
< 0.05). At embryonic day one, a white streak or circle area was observed when vessel formation begins. GCMS analysis and database search demonstrated that angiogenesis may initiate when oleic, cholesterol, and linoleic acids increased in the area of angiogenic reactions. The gain of function study was conducted by the injection of cholesterol and oleic acid into a chick embryo to determine the role of each lipid in angiogenesis. We propose that oleic acid, cholesterol, and linoleic acid are natural molecules that set the platform for the initiation stage of angiogenesis before other proteins including the vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin, angiotensin, and erythropoietin join as the angiome in sprout extension and vessel maturation.