Investigational Drug Treatments for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Christos Damaskos, Nikolaos Garmpis, Anna Garmpi, Konstantinos Nikolettos, Panagiotis Sarantis, Vasiliki Georgakopoulou, Afroditi Nonni, Dimitriοs Schizas, Efstathios Antoniou, Michalis V. Karamouzis, Nikos Nikolettos, Konstantinos Kontzoglou, Alexandros Patsouras, Errika Voutyritsa, Athanasios Syllaios, Evangelos Koustas, Νικόλαος Τράκας, Dimitrios Dimitroulis
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) and accounts for 10-20% of cases. Due to the lack of expression of several receptors, hormone therapy is largely ineffective for treatment purposes. Nevertheless, TNBC often responds very well to chemotherapy, which constitutes the most often recommended treatment. New beneficial targeted therapies are important to be investigated in order to achieve enhanced outcomes in patients with TNBC. This review will focus on recent therapeutic innovations for TNBC, focusing on various inhibitors such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitors, poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, aurora kinase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors.