Non-volatile dynamically switchable color display via chalcogenide stepwise cavity resonators

Abstract

High-resolution multi-color printing relies upon pixelated optical nanostructures, which is crucial to promote color display by producing nonbleaching colors, yet requires simplicity in fabrication and dynamic switching. Antimony trisulfide (Sb₂S₃) is a newly rising chalcogenide material that possesses prompt and significant transition of its optical characteristics in the visible region between amorphous and crystalline phases, which holds the key to color-varying devices. Herein, we proposed a dynamically switchable color printing method using Sb₂S₃-based stepwise pixelated Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavities with various cavity lengths. The device was fabricated by employing a direct laser patterning that is a less time-consuming, more approachable, and low-cost technique. As switching the state of Sb₂S₃ between amorphous and crystalline, the multi-color of stepwise pixelated FP cavities can be actively changed. The color variation is due to the profound change in the refractive index of Sb₂S₃ over the visible spectrum during its phase transition. Moreover, we directly fabricated sub-50 nm nano-grating on ultrathin Sb₂S₃ laminate via microsphere 800-nm femtosecond laser irradiation in far field. The minimum feature size can be further decreased down to ~45 nm (<italic>λ</italic>/17) by varying the thickness of Sb₂S₃ film. Ultrafast switchable Sb₂S₃ photonic devices can take one step toward the next generation of inkless erasable papers or displays and enable information encryption, camouflaging surfaces, anticounterfeiting, etc. Importantly, our work explores the prospects of rapid and rewritable fabrication of periodic structures with nano-scale resolution and can serve as a guideline for further development of chalcogenide-based photonics components.

Topics & Concepts