Investigating the impact of TiO<sub>2</sub> filler on abrasive wear characteristics of bamboo fiber-reinforced epoxy composites using the Taguchi method
Ravikantha Prabhu, Sharun Mendonca, Pavana Kumara Bellairu, Rudolf Charles DSouza, Thirumaleshwara N. Bhat
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) filler on the abrasive wear properties of bamboo fiber reinforced epoxy composites (BFRCs) using a Taguchi approach. The study aims to enhance the abrasive wear resistance of these composites by introducing TiO 2 filler as a potential reinforcement, thus contributing to the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. Design/methodology/approach This study focuses on the fabrication of epoxy/bamboo composites infused with TiO 2 particles within the Wt.% range of 0–8 Wt.% using hand layup techniques. The resulting composites were subjected to wear testing according to ASTM G99-05 standards. Statistical analysis of the wear results was carried out using the Taguchi design of experiments (DOE). Additionally, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the influential control factors impacting the specific wear rate (SWR) and coefficient of friction (COF). Findings The study illuminates how integrating TiO 2 filler enhances abrasive wear in epoxy/bamboo composites. Statistical analysis of SWR highlights abrasive grit size (grit) as the most influential factor, followed by normal load, Wt.% of TiO 2 and sliding distance. Analysis of the COF identifies normal load as the primary influential factor, followed by grit, Wt.% of TiO 2 and sliding distance. The Taguchi predictive model closely aligns with experimental results, validating its reliability. The morphological study revealed significant differences between the unfilled and TiO 2 -filled composites. The inclusion of TiO 2 improved wear resistance, as evidenced by reduced surface damage and wear debris. Originality/value This research paper aims to integrate TiO 2 filler and bamboo fibers to create an innovative hybrid composite material. TiO 2 micro and nanoparticles show promise as filler materials, contributing to improved tribological properties of epoxy composites. The utilization of Taguchi’s DOE and ANOVA for statistical analysis provides valuable guidance for academic researchers and practitioners in optimizing control variables, especially in the context of natural fiber reinforced composites.