Distributed model predictive control strategy for microgrid frequency regulation
Lakshmi satya nagasri Dangeti, R. Marimuthu
Abstract
Frequency deviations in microgrids (MGs) often arise due to load fluctuations, posing a challenge for maintaining grid stability. Traditional inverter control does not actively predict future system behavior causing reliability issues. This work resolves this issue by proposing a distributed Model Predictive Control (DMPC) for microgrid frequency regulation. The MG components such as solar photovoltaic system, battery energy storage system (BESS), and voltage source inverter (VSI) modeling are presented. This is followed by modeling and implementation of the proposed DMPC controller. The model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink for validation. The results of MG stability with and without the proposed control scheme are discussed. The proposed model performance is compared with benchmark works, bode plot, and dynamic frequency response analysis. It is found that DMPC-based VSI control optimizes the performance and limits voltage fluctuation. Due to this, during the validation with the base load case, the frequency oscillations are minimal, with a variation of 0.002 Hz around the nominal value. This represents a deviation of less than 0.005%, indicating high precision and stability.