Necrotizing Enterocolitis Complicating Sepsis in a Late Preterm Cameroonian Infant
Georges Pius Kamsu Moyo⃰, Manuela Nguedjam, Lynda Miaffo
Abstract
Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of death from gastrointestinal disease in premature infants. It has been recognized for decades as the most common life-threatening medico-surgical intestinal emergency in newborns. The overall incidence of NEC has been reducing steadily during the past few years and has become even less common in late preterm and in term infants. However, accumulating evidence over the years suggest that NEC should be considered in a broader set including these subpopulations with risk factors. The disease might be associated with short and long-term complications, prolong hospitalization, and be cost worthy. Medical treatment alone may be done with considerable success, when diagnosed early enough with mild or moderate severity. In most cases, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended as much as possible. Nevertheless, primary prevention by breastfeeding promotion and standardized formula replacement when indispensable is pertinent. Method: We present and discuss based on current reviews, a case of early onset NEC complicating sepsis in a late preterm. Results: It appears that medical management alone which is indicated for moderate NEC may be quite successful when based on broad spectrum antibiotics that cover gram negative bacteria and anaerobes, together with intensive and supportive cares. Conclusion: NEC may occur precociously in late preterm. The prompt diagnosis may be made easier by radiological exams. A multidisciplinary approach for the management of stage II or moderate NEC may be more efficient. Breastfeeding remains an effective prevention against NEC.