Embedding SnO<sub>2</sub> Thin Shell Protected Ag Nanowires in SnO<sub>2</sub> ETL to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells
Guangwu Yang, Xinmei Li, Xinmei Li, Baohua Zhao, Chengben Liu, Teng Zhang, Zhi Li, Zhaobin Liu, Xiyou Li, Xiyou Li
Abstract
The energy level mismatching between SnO 2 and perovskite and the nonradiative recombination at SnO 2 -perovskite interface severely degrade the extraction of carriers, reducing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on SnO 2 electron transfer layer (ETL). In the present work, a reinforced SnO 2 ETL was successfully developed by embedding SnO 2 thin shell protected Ag nanowires (Ag/SnO 2 NWs) in traditional planar SnO 2 film, which was proved to not only lower the conduction band of SnO 2 to adjust the energy level matching, but also significantly reduce the interfacial carrier recombination. Moreover, Ag/SnO 2 NWs improved the electrical conductivity of SnO 2 ETL, and effectively promoted carrier transport. Benefiting from the use of Ag/SnO 2 NWs, our newly designed PSC achieved a significantly increased champion PCE of 19.78%, which is 7% higher than the traditional PSC without Ag/SnO 2 NWs embedding, indicating its great application potential in PSCs.