Enhancing energy storage performance of dielectric capacitors: Tailoring CaO-SrO-Na2O-Nb2O5-SiO2 glass-ceramics through controlled crystallization for pulse power applications
Wei Xing Zheng, Tianpeng Liang, Yuan Liu, Haolun Fu, Hongwei Chen, Libin Gao, Daming Chen, Yuanxun Li
Abstract
As potential dielectric materials for capacitors, glass-ceramics exhibit significant promise in the realm of pulse power supply. Extensive research has been undertaken to explore the commendable voltage resistance and favorable dielectric properties of glass-ceramics. They exhibit a rapid charge and discharge rate. However, the limited energy storage density of glass-ceramics constrains their practical application. In this study, we focused on the preparation of CaO-SrO-Na 2 O-Nb 2 O 5 -SiO 2 (CSNNS) glass-ceramics through conventional melting and high-temperature crystallization processes . Our investigation delved into the impact of crystallization temperature on the phase composition, dielectric properties, and energy storage characteristics of the CSNNS glass-ceramics. The results indicate a direct correlation between the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, both exhibiting an upward trend with increasing crystallization temperature. Simultaneously, the microstructure of the glass-ceramics manifests signs of deterioration, characterized by larger grain size and heightened porosity, leading to a reduction in breakdown strength . At a crystallization temperature of 1100 °C, the CSNNS glass-ceramics demonstrated a remarkable combination of a high dielectric constant (∼280) and superior breakdown strength (481 kV/cm). The achieved maximum theoretical energy storage density reached 2.87 J/cm 3 . At an electric field of 100 kV/cm, the effective energy storage density is 0.23 J/cm 3 , and the energy storage efficiency is 72 %. These findings demonstrate the broad application potential of the CSNNS glass-ceramics in the domain of pulse power, highlighting their relevance for future developments in this field.