Aligned Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid Over a Vertical Plate Through Porous Medium
Asmahani Nayan, Nur Izzatie Farhana Ahmad Fauzan, Mohd Rijal Ilias, Shahida Farhan Zakaria, Noor Hafizah Zainal Aznam
Abstract
The future research on hybrid nanofluids need to be done as there are many applications of hybrid nanofluids. Some of them are electro-mechanical, renewable energy and manufacturing process application and also the application in automotive cooling. Therefore, this numerical study is conducted to investigate the aligned magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of hybrid nanofluid over a vertical plate through a porous medium. The base fluid (water), silver and copper oxide flowed over a vertical plate in the presence of MHD and porous medium with boundary conditions of constant wall temperature by taking a few types of parameters into consideration. By using similarity transformation, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Keller Box method is applied to solve numerically the nonlinear ordinary differential equations and the system is solved by using Fortran programming. The results of the study are illustrated graphically to show the behavior of velocity and temperature also skin friction and Nusselt number of hybrids nanofluid affected by the parameters. It is found that the velocity profiles increase, and temperature profiles decrease when the angle of aligned magnetic field, the interaction of magnetic parameter and local Grashof number increase while the velocity profiles decrease, and temperature profiles increase when the porous parameter and volume fraction of nanoparticles parameter increase. Besides, the skin friction of Ag-CuO-water is less than CuO-water and Nusselt number of Ag-CuO-water is higher than CuO-water.