<i>DNAJC30</i> disease-causing gene variants in a large Central European cohort of patients with suspected Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and optic atrophy
Sinja Kieninger, Ting Xiao, Nicole Weisschuh, Susanne Kohl, Klaus Rüther, Peter M. Kroisel, Tobias Brockmann, S. Knappe, Ulrich Kellner, Wolf A. Lagrèze, Pascale Mazzola, Tobias B. Haack, Bernd Wissinger, Felix Tonagel
Abstract
Background Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) has been considered a prototypical mitochondriopathy and a textbook example for maternal inheritance linked to certain disease-causing variants in the mitochondrial genome. Recently, an autosomal recessive form of LHON (arLHON) has been described, caused by disease-causing variants in the nuclear encoded gene DNAJC30 . Methods and results In this study, we screened the DNAJC30 gene in a large Central European cohort of patients with a clinical diagnosis of LHON or other autosomal inherited optic atrophies (OA). We identified likely pathogenic variants in 35/1202 patients, corresponding to a detection rate of 2.9%. The previously described missense variant c.152A>G;p.(Tyr51Cys) accounts for 90% of disease-associated alleles in our cohort and we confirmed a strong founder effect. Furthermore, we identified two novel pathogenic variants in DNAJC30 : the nonsense variant c.610G>T;p.(Glu204*) and the in-frame deletion c.230_232del;p.(His77del). Clinical investigation of the patients with arLHON revealed a younger age of onset, a more frequent bilateral onset and an increased clinically relevant recovery compared with LHON associated with disease-causing variants in the mitochondrial DNA. Conclusion This study expands previous findings on arLHON and emphasises the importance of DNAJC30 in the genetic diagnostics of LHON and OA in European patients.