RETRACTED: Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets decorated with HAp@Bi2S3 core–shell nanorods: Dual S-scheme 1D/2D heterojunction for environmental and hydrogen production solutions
Mohammad Chahkandi, Mahboobeh Zargazi, Khadijeh Boland Ghiasabadi, Jin Suk Chung, Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi, Mohammad Reza Saeb, Mehdi Baghayeri
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy ). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors. Post-publication, the journal was alerted by readers to the presence of potential image and data manipulation issues concerning Figures 1A, 1C, 3A, 4A, 4D, 4E, 7D, 7E, 8C, and 8D, as well as Figures 1SA, 1SB and 2SB of the supplementary material. Despite the authors having already published a correction to Figures 2, 4, 7, and 8 ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.166806 ), potential image and data manipulation issues were found even in the corrected Figures 4A, 4D, 4E, 7A, 7D, 7E, and 7F. The journal promptly started an investigation and asked authors for an explanation and the raw data. Following a thorough review of the case, the Editors have determined that the explanations provided by the authors do not adequately resolve the concerns identified with respect to the article. As a result, the Editors no longer have sufficient confidence in the integrity of the reported results and conclusions. Accordingly, the Editors have decided that the article should be retracted. The Journal and its Editors recognize the seriousness with which the scientific community regards such matters and extend their apologies to readers that these issues were not identified prior to publication. It is further noted, for the record, that the authors do not agree with the findings of the investigation, disagree with the decision to retract the article, and contest the grounds upon which this decision has been made.