The Three‐Pronged Strategy: A Bilayer Hydrogel Treats Diabetic Chronic Wound through Microalgae Oxygen Therapy, Ag─FA NP Antibacterial, and Synergistic Scavenging of ROS
Ruru Xiong, Min Zhou, Huishuang Li, Lijuan Wang, Guixia Ling, Peng Zhang
Abstract
Abstract Due to hypoxia, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), dense bacterial biofilms, and complex inflammatory microenvironment, chronic diabetic wound healing presents a huge challenge. Currently, sustainable treatments for this multifaceted problem have not been found. Here, microalgae and silver (Ag)─fulvic acid (FA) NPs are used to develop a multinetwork hydrogel (C@Ag─KGCM) based on oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKG) for the treatment of diabetic chronic wound (DCW). The lower hydrogel carries microrobots of Chlamydomonas rheinhardtii (C. rheinhardtii) , which continuously release bio‐oxygen under light irradiation to alleviate hypoxia in deep wound tissues. The upper layer carries Ag─FA NPs formed by Ag + and FA self‐assembly chelation complex, which can effectively inhibit bacterial growth and remove bacterial biofilms through photothermal‐therapy‐based Near ‐ Infrared (NIR) 808 nm. C. reinhardtii and Ag─FA NPs synergistically scavenge excessive ROS. Therefore, a new concept of “three‐pronged strategies” that addresses multiple problems in the wound microenvironment of diabetic patients has been proposed. Histological analysis of wound tissues shows that the C@Ag─KGCM bilayer hydrogel can promote chronic diabetic wound healing and tissue regeneration, indicating promising potential for its treatment of DCW healing.