Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms
Saeed Mehrzadi, Mohammad Sheibani, Fereshteh Koosha, Nazila Alinaghian, Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh, Seid Amir Pasha Tabaeian, Rüssel J. Reiter, Azam Hosseinzadeh
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Intestinal diseases, a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, carry a substantial socioeconomic burden. Small and large intestines play pivotal roles in gastrointestinal physiology and food digestion. Pathological conditions, such as gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cancer, therapy-related complications, ulcers, and ischemia, necessitate the urgent exploration of safe and effective complementary therapeutic strategies for optimal intestinal health. AREAS COVERED: This article evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin, a molecule with a wide range of physiological actions, on intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, gastric/duodenal ulcers and other intestinal disorders. EXPERT OPINION: Due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as various biological actions, melatonin could be a therapeutic option for improving digestive disorders. However, more researches are needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using melatonin for digestive disorders.