A High Air‐Stability and Li‐Metal‐Compatible Li<sub>3+2x</sub>P<sub>1−x</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>S<sub>4−1.5x</sub>O<sub>1.5x</sub> Sulfide Electrolyte for All‐Solid‐State Li–Metal Batteries
Yu Ni, Chao Huang, Hong Liu, Yuhao Liang, Li‐Zhen Fan
Abstract
Abstract All‐solid‐state batteries are one of the most promising lithium–ion batteries as they are safe with high energy density and applicable to different occasions. Sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) are welcoming due to their good ionic conductivity and processability. However, as the SSE conductor is unstable when exposed to air, its development and application are limited. A series of new Li 3+2x P 1−x Bi x S 4−1.5x O 1.5x (X = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08) solid electrolytes are synthesized by co‐doping Li 3 PS 4 with Bi and O, and the new electrolytes have better ionic conductivity and air‐stability than Li 3 PS 4 . The lithium ionic conductivity of Li 3.12 P 0.94 Bi 0.06 S 3.91 O 0.09 solid electrolytes reached up to 2.8 mS cm –1 at room temperature, the highest and 9 times as high as that of Li 3 PS 4 . The doped solid electrolytes are compatible with lithium anode, and the cycling performance is improved. Importantly, the critical current density of Li 3.12 P 0.94 Bi 0.06 S 3.91 O 0.09 electrolytes can reach to 1.2 mA cm –2 . In particular, the Li|Li 3.12 P 0.94 Bi 0.06 S 3.91 O 0.09 |Li symmetric cells are stable even after 400 h running at 1 mA cm –2 and 25 °C. Bi 2 O 3 doping SSEs are expected to be the next generation of all‐solid‐state lithium batteries due to their good ionic conductivity and air‐stability.