Spectroscopic and Computational Study of ZnCl<sub>2</sub>–Methanol Low-Melting-Temperature Mixtures
Payam Kalhor, Zhaoxi Sun, Zhi‐Wu Yu
Abstract
Alcoholic electrolyte mixtures have wide applications in industries. In this study, a series of mixtures composed of ZnCl 2 and methanol (MeOH) with ZnCl 2 mol % from 6.7 to 25 were prepared, and their spectral, structural, and thermodynamic properties were studied using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT-assisted analysis of excess spectra, supported by 2D-correlation spectroscopy, led to the identification of the major constituents of ZnCl 2 –MeOH mixtures, namely, MeOH monomer, MeOH dimer, and ZnCl 2 –3MeOH complex, produced after dissociation of MeOH trimer which represents the bulk methanol. The Hirshfeld charge analysis showed that in the competition between the O–H···Cl hydrogen bond (H-bond) and Zn ← O coordination bond to transfer charge in ZnCl 2 –MeOH complexes, the latter always dominates, making MeOH positively charged. The phase diagram of the binary system showed the presence of V-shaped glass transition temperatures ( T g ), characteristic of low-melting mixture solvents (LoMMSs). The present study provides insights into the microscopic properties of the system and sheds light on the understanding of the general principles to prepare deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) or LoMMSs using inorganic salts and alcoholic compounds.