Evaluating the biocatalytic potential of fruit peel-derived eco-enzymes for sustainable textile wastewater treatment
Shohag Chandra Das, Olin Khan, Ashfaqul Hoque Khadem, Md Atiqur Rahman, Sultana Bedoura, Mohammad Abbas Uddin, Md. Shahinoor Islam
Abstract
The innovative utilization of compostable waste for synthesizing eco-enzymes presents a novel approach to textile wastewater treatment. In this study, we synthesized eco-enzymes from banana, pineapple, and orange fruit peels and characterized their biocatalytic and antimicrobial attributes. The eco-enzymes possess noteworthy protease, lipase, and amylase activity conducive to wastewater treatment. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), revealed significant differences among eco-enzymes derived from different fruit peels (p < 0.05). Although all eco-enzymes demonstrated antimicrobial attributes, orange peel-derived eco-enzymes exhibited the most potent activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. Besides, when subjected to eco-enzymes, the textile wastewater showed an 80–85% decrease in biological oxygen demand (BOD), an 81–85% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), a 35–37% decrease in total dissolved solids (TDS), a 55–60% reduction in total suspended solids (TSS), substantial reduction in pH, and enhancement in dissolved oxygen (DO) content after 100 h of treatment. Additionally, ANOVA analysis on the efficacy of treating textile wastewater by eco-enzymes revealed significant differences from the conventional treatment method (p < 0.05). These findings underscore the potential of eco-enzyme treatment to produce distinctive and environmentally beneficial results in textile wastewater treatment.