Evaluation of the physicochemical, heavy metal and radiological contamination from phosphogypsum discharges of the phosphoric acid production unit on the coast of El Jadida Province in Morocco
Fatima Ezzahra Arhouni, Mohammed Hakkar, Saad Ouakkas, Nils Haneklaus, Aziz Boukhair, A. Nourreddine, Mohammed Benjellοun
Abstract
Abstract This work assesses potential physicochemical, metallic, and radiological contamination of liquid discharges from the phosphoric acid (PA) production unit at the coast of El Jadida Province in Morocco. The physicochemical parameters: pH, conductivity, salinity, turbidity, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and heavy metals were analyzed in PA and beach samples. 238 U, 232 Th, and 226 Ra were determined by gamma spectrometry, the Radon contents were determined using solid state detectors (LR-115). It is concluded that phosphate effluents are strongly acidic with a mean pH-value of 1.8 and that the discharges still contain relatively high levels of fluoride, phosphorus and radiological substances.