An implicit nodal integration based PFEM for soil flow problems
Xue Zhang, Jingjing Meng, Shengyang Yuan
Abstract
An implicit Nodal integration based Particle Finite Element Method (N-PFEM) is developed to model soil flow problems. The governing equations are discretised using an implicit time integration scheme and the spatial integration is conducted over cells, rather than finite elements, using a nodal integration scheme. Compared with the conventional PFEM, the developed N-PFEM requires no variable information transferring from old to new integration points when modelling large deformation problems. Additionally, the nature of implicit time integration makes the method particularly suitable for handling soil dynamic problems of low to medium frequency which are the most likely scenarios in geotechnical engineering. The verification of the proposed method is achieved by reproducing two lab testings.