Towards a quantum computing algorithm for helicity amplitudes and parton showers
Khadeejah Bepari, Sarah Malik, Michael Spannowsky, Simon Williams
Abstract
The interpretation of measurements of high-energy particle collisions relies heavily on the performance of full event generators, which include the calculation of the hard process and the subsequent parton shower step. With the continuous improvement of quantum devices, dedicated algorithms are needed to exploit the potential quantum that computers can provide. We propose general and extendable algorithms for quantum gate computers to facilitate calculations of helicity amplitudes and the parton shower process. The helicity amplitude calculation exploits the equivalence between spinors and qubits and the unique features of a quantum computer to compute the helicities of each particle involved simultaneously, thus fully utilizing the quantum nature of the computation. This advantage over classical computers is further exploited by the simultaneous computation of s- and t-channel amplitudes for a $2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2$ process. The parton shower algorithm simulates collinear emission for a two-step, discrete parton shower. In contrast to classical implementations, the quantum algorithm constructs a wave function with a superposition of all shower histories for the whole parton shower process, thus removing the need to explicitly keep track of individual shower histories. Both algorithms utilize the quantum computers ability to remain in a quantum state throughout the computation and represent a first step towards a quantum computing algorithm describing the full collision event at the LHC.