Transfer of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Feed into the Eggs of Laying Hens. Part 2: Toxicokinetic Results Including the Role of Precursors
J. Kowalczyk, Bernd Göckener, Maria Eichhorn, Matthias Kotthoff, Mark Bücking, Helmut Schafft, Monika Lahrssen‐Wiederholt, Jorge Numata
Abstract
A feeding study was performed to examine the bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in laying hens’ tissues and plasma and feed-to-egg transfer rates and half-lives. A 25 day exposure was followed by a 42 day depuration period. A target analysis revealed substantial amounts of the precursors N-methyl and N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (Me- and EtFOSAA), perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (FOSAA), and perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA). In tissues and eggs, the highest bioaccumulation was found for PFHxS, PFHpS, PFOS, and PFOA. Low levels of PFHxS (all samples), PFOS, and FOSAA (in yolk) were measurable even after the depuration period. The egg elimination half-lives of PFOS and aforementioned precursors were estimated to be 4.3 days, while the transfer rates of PFOS and all precursors taken together were 0.99. The transfer rate of PFOA was around 0.49. PFHxS and PFHpS showed apparent transfer rates of >100%, which is hypothesized to indicate the presence of precursors.