Multianalyte serology in home-sampled blood enables an unbiased assessment of the immune response against SARS-CoV-2
Niclas Roxhed, Annika Bendes, Matilda Dale, Cecilia Mattsson, Leo Hanke, Tea Dodig‐Crnković, Murray Christian, Birthe Meineke, Simon J. Elsässer, Juni Andréll, Sebastian Havervall, Charlotte Thålin, Carina Eklund, Joakim Dillner, Olof Beck, Cecilia Engel Thomas, Gerald M. McInerney, Mun‐Gwan Hong, Ben Murrell, Claudia Fredolini, Jochen M. Schwenk
Abstract
Abstract Serological testing is essential to curb the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most assays are still limited to single analytes and samples collected within healthcare. Thus, we establish a multianalyte and multiplexed approach to reliably profile IgG and IgM levels against several versions of SARS-CoV-2 proteins (S, RBD, N) in home-sampled dried blood spots (DBS). We analyse DBS collected during spring of 2020 from 878 random and undiagnosed individuals from the population in Stockholm, Sweden, and use classification approaches to estimate an accumulated seroprevalence of 12.5% (95% CI: 10.3%–14.7%). This includes 5.4% of the samples being IgG + IgM + against several SARS-CoV-2 proteins, as well as 2.1% being IgG − IgM + and 5.0% being IgG + IgM − for the virus’ S protein. Subjects classified as IgG + for several SARS-CoV-2 proteins report influenza-like symptoms more frequently than those being IgG + for only the S protein (OR = 6.1; p < 0.001). Among all seropositive cases, 30% are asymptomatic. Our strategy enables an accurate individual-level and multiplexed assessment of antibodies in home-sampled blood, assisting our understanding about the undiagnosed seroprevalence and diversity of the immune response against the coronavirus.