Microgrid Control, Storage, and Communication Strategies to Enhance Resiliency for Survival of Critical Load
Monika Yadav, Nitai Pal, Devender Kumar Saini
Abstract
Adequately, as far as the global system is concerned with the variation in the climatic condition, the frequency of disaster is rising, resulting in various damages to the power grid. To cope with the power network problems due to disasters such as grid outages, frequency, and voltage deviation, the network should be incorporated with numerous distributed generations such as solar and wind. During the disaster condition, these distributed fossil generations form Microgrids (MGs) by disconnecting itself from the grid and maintain power flow to the local region. Besides, the negative impacts on the environment, such as carbon emission has reduced by using Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Apart from reducing carbon emission (as in the case of fossil fuel generation plants), RES based microgrid also useful for the resilient distribution system. However, high penetration of distributed generation, for a resilient system that can survive at least its critical loads during extreme disaster conditions, requires robust architecture and communication between the devices of a microgrid. This article presents the latest review of the various classification of microgrid architecture along with the technical characteristics of energy storage devices, various communication channels and discover the gaps to form a bridge between microgrid in normal and abnormal (during a climatic disaster) conditions. In addition, alteration in control techniques for Alternative Current and Direct Current microgrid for robust MGs is presented systematically. Furthermore, the latest developments with sectionalizer placement to provide the steps to achieve near-real-time data and necessary actions required to take during or before the actual disaster are also presented in a systematic manner.