Moxidectin and Ivermectin Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Vero E6 Cells but Not in Human Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Nilima Dinesh Kumar, Bram M. ter Ellen, Ellen M. Bouma, Berit Troost, Denise P.I. van de Pol, Heidi H. van der Ende-Metselaar, Djoke van Gosliga, Leonie Apperloo, Orestes A. Carpaij, Maarten van den Berge, Martijn C. Nawijn, Ymkje Stienstra, Izabela A. Rodenhuis‐Zybert, Jolanda M. Smit
Abstract
models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including physiologically relevant human respiratory epithelial cells. Both moxidectin and ivermectin exhibited antiviral activity in Vero E6 cells. Subsequent experiments revealed that these compounds predominantly act on the steps following virus cell entry. Surprisingly, however, in human-airway-derived cell models, both moxidectin and ivermectin failed to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, even at concentrations of 10 μM. These disappointing results call for a word of caution in the interpretation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of drugs solely based on their activity in Vero cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that even using a high-dose regimen of ivermectin, or switching to another drug in the same class, is unlikely to be useful for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in humans.