The effect of victim intoxication and crime type on mock jury decision-making
Erica Martin, Lauren A. Monds
Abstract
Alcohol intoxication is a common feature in crime, yet jurors often possess little understanding of how alcohol affects eyewitness memory. Furthermore, jurors are often blind to biases about different crimes that affect their interpretation of eyewitness evidence. Accordingly, the current study investigated the impact of (1) a victim’s intoxication status during a crime and (2) the type of crime committed on mock jury decision-making. Undergraduate students (N = 228) read a trial transcript describing a rape or robbery committed against a woman who was either sober or intoxicated to a low, moderate, or severe degree when the crime occurred. They also completed questionnaires assessing trial-related judgements, sexist attitudes towards women, and alcohol beliefs, behaviours, and experiences. Mock jurors incorrectly perceived alcohol as detrimental to victim credibility at any dose. However, the victim’s intoxication status failed to influence verdict decisions, which were better accounted for by extra-legal factors. Variance in jury decision-making according to crime type was not observed. The current study asserts the need for jury education to correct misconceptions about the effects of alcohol on eyewitness memory, and continued exploration of the role of crime type and extra-legal factors in intoxication-related cases.