Wound healing activity of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reis
Francyelle Borges Rosa de Moura, Bruno Antônio Ferreira, Simone Ramos Deconte, Breno Costa Landim, Allisson Benatti Justino, Andréa Aparecida de Aro, Foued Salmen Espíndola, Rodney Alexandre Ferreira Rodrigues, Daniele Lisboa Ribeiro, Fernanda de Assis Araújo, Tatiana Carla Tomiosso
Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia has analgesic, healing, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of M. ilicifolia leaves on skin wound repair. Wounds were induced on mice and treated with the extract. The treatment was performed daily, until day 7 after wound induction. Wound closure was measured and the features of the repaired tissue were investigated, including mast cell quantification, neutrophil and macrophage activities, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and pro-metalloproteases and metalloproteases 2 and 9 activity (pro-MMPs and MMPs). The M. ilicifolia extract accelerated the closure of wounds. The extract at a concentration of 4% was found to be effective, presenting anti-inflammatory effects and hemoglobin increased, along with increased soluble, total and type III collagens in the wound. In addition, there was an increase in pro-MMP9 and MMP9 activity after day 7th of treatment. The phenolic compounds and tannins present in this plant could be associated with the anti-inflammatory and healing activities observed in this study. Therefore, the ability to modulate essential parameters for accelerated and adequate healing as shown here suggests that the use of standardised extracts of M. ilicifolia and its fractions enriched in polyphenols may represent a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of wounds.