The Frontiers of Aqueous Zinc–Iodine Batteries: A Comprehensive Review on Mechanisms, Optimization, and Industrial Prospects
Haokun Wen, Hanyu Wen, Ying Sun, Jiazhuo Li, Changlei Zhuang, Minghui Liu, Hui Li, Hua Fan, Bosi Yin, Siwen Zhang, Tianyi Ma
Abstract
Abstract Zinc–iodine batteries, grounded in halogen‐powered static conversion mechanisms, are experiencing significant development. However, clarity regarding their industrialization pathway remains elusive. This review delves into the energy storage mechanism of zinc–iodine batteries, encompassing not only the conventional low‐valence transformation mechanism but also spotlighting emerging high‐valence transformation mechanisms. Simultaneously, several optimization routes are proposed from the perspective of battery industrialization, mainly covering the optimization direction of cathode and anode materials, including efficient restraints of iodine effect behavior, promotion of iodine conversion reaction, and effective design of zinc anode. Furthermore, starting from promoting practical application, the optimization path of designing zinc–iodine battery prototypes and functionalized devices, focusing on battery design and device development, while also improving relevant industrialization strategies for cost‐effective and efficient use are explored. Additionally, considering the future demand of the energy storage industry, the discussion extends from zinc–iodine batteries to encompass extreme temperature conditions, derivative battery product designs, and interdisciplinary integration. With a focus on practical application, this work identifies key challenges in the field and proposes comprehensive optimization strategies, aiming to provide guidance for the design of high‐performance, cost‐effective zinc–iodine batteries applications.