A dual-responsive Golgi-targeting probe for the simultaneous fluorescence detection of SO2 and viscosity in food specimens and live cells
Ze-Yi Lian, Pan‐Dong Mao, Kun-Sheng Jin, Wei-Na Wu, Linyan Bian, Yuan Wang, Yun-Chang Fan, Zhi-Hong Xu, Tony D. James
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for regulating the transport of proteins. Research has revealed that an increase in viscosity and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) levels in the Golgi are associated with many diseases. Unfortunately, no probes currently exist to simultaneously measure variations in viscosity and SO 2 in the Golgi apparatus. With this research, we modified a coumarin-cyanoacetamide probe ( 1 ) with a sulfanilamide moiety for targeting the Golgi apparatus. Probe 1 could respond to viscosity increases by exhibiting fluorescence enhancements at 590 nm due to the inhibition of intramolecular rotation. Moreover, the nucleophilic attack of the C=C bond by HSO 3 − resulted in creating a conjugate addition product that generated a blue emission band at 480 nm. Significantly, this probe can identify HSO 3 − in real water samples and food specimens, as well as monitor HSO 3 − levels and changes of viscosity in the Golgi apparatus of plants, live cells, and zebrafish.