SARS-CoV-2 among the Potential Viral Triggers for Vogt-Konayagi-Harada Disease: First Case Report and Literature Review
Ana Santamaria, Julian Chang, Christian Savarain
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease associated with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of patient records was carried out to obtain data for a case report. A literature review was conducted of cases of uveitis associated with COVID-19 reported to date. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 32-year-old Hispanic female presented with bilateral granulomatous panuveitis consisting of VKH disease 2 weeks after a clinical course of COVID-19. Both eyes presented with anterior uveitis and edematous hyperemic papilla with flame-shaped peripapillary hemorrhages, macula-off serous retinal detachments with subretinal fluid, and vitritis. A complete systemic work-up was performed to exclude infectious or inflammatory etiologies. Ocular inflammatory signs and systemic symptoms improved with corticosteroid and immunomodulatory therapy. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 can be a potential immunological trigger for VKH disease. Patients presenting with panuveitis and a history of a previous flu-like illness should raise clinical suspicion of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the context of the ongoing global pandemic.