Gravitational waves, bubble profile, and baryon asymmetry in the complex 2HDM
Dorival Gonçalves, Ajay Kaladharan, Yongcheng Wu
Abstract
This study explores the generation of the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe within the complex two-Higgs doublet model (C2HDM) while considering theoretical and current experimental constraints. In our investigation, we analyze critical elements of the Higgs potential to understand the phase-transition pattern. Specifically, we examine the formation of the barrier and the uplifting of the true vacuum state, which play crucial roles in facilitating a strong first-order phase transition. Furthermore, we explore the potential gravitational wave signals associated with this phase transition pattern and investigate the parameter space points that can be probed with LISA. Finally, we compare the impact of different approaches to describing the bubble profile on the calculation of the baryon asymmetry. We contrast the typically used kink profile approximation against the explicit solution of the tunneling profile. We find that a non-negligible range of the C2HDM parameter space results in significant discrepancies in the baryon asymmetry estimation between these two approaches. Through an examination of the parameter space, we identify a benchmark point that satisfies the observed baryon asymmetry.