Gravity interpretation for the Bethe Ansatz expansion of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="script">N</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:math> SYM index

Abstract

The superconformal index of the <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mi mathvariant="script">N</a:mi><a:mo>=</a:mo><a:mn>4</a:mn></a:math> <d:math xmlns:d="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><d:mi>S</d:mi><d:mi>U</d:mi><d:mo stretchy="false">(</d:mo><d:mi>N</d:mi><d:mo stretchy="false">)</d:mo></d:math> supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory counts the <h:math xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><h:mn>1</h:mn><h:mo>/</h:mo><h:mn>16</h:mn></h:math>-BPS (Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield) states in this theory, and has been used via the <j:math xmlns:j="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><j:mrow><j:mi>AdS</j:mi><j:mo>/</j:mo><j:mi>CFT</j:mi></j:mrow></j:math> correspondence to count black hole microstates of <l:math xmlns:l="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><l:mn>1</l:mn><l:mo>/</l:mo><l:mn>16</l:mn></l:math>-BPS black holes. On one hand, this index may be related to the Euclidean partition function of the theory on <n:math xmlns:n="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><n:msup><n:mi>S</n:mi><n:mn>3</n:mn></n:msup><n:mo>×</n:mo><n:msup><n:mi>S</n:mi><n:mn>1</n:mn></n:msup></n:math> with complex chemical potentials, which maps by the <p:math xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><p:mrow><p:mi>AdS</p:mi><p:mo>/</p:mo><p:mi>CFT</p:mi></p:mrow></p:math> correspondence to a sum over Euclidean gravity solutions. On the other hand, the index may be expressed as a sum over solutions to Bethe Ansatz (BA) equations. We show that the solutions to the BA equations that are known to have a good large <r:math xmlns:r="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><r:mi>N</r:mi></r:math> limit, for the case of equal chemical potentials for the two angular momenta, have a one-to-one mapping to (complex) Euclidean black hole solutions on the gravity side. This mapping captures both the leading contribution from the classical gravity action (of order <t:math xmlns:t="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><t:msup><t:mi>N</t:mi><t:mn>2</t:mn></t:msup></t:math>), as well as nonperturbative corrections in <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><v:mn>1</v:mn><v:mo>/</v:mo><v:mi>N</v:mi></v:math>, which on the gravity side are related to wrapped D3-branes. Some of the BA solutions map to orbifolds of the standard Euclidean black hole solutions (which obey exactly the same boundary conditions as the other solutions). there are many more gravitational solutions than Bethe Ansatz solutions, but we show that, by considering the nonperturbative effects, the extra solutions are ruled out, leading to a precise match between the solutions on both sides. Published by the American Physical Society 2021

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