Appetitive Needs and Addiction
Steven Y. Sussman, Sheila Pakdaman
Abstract
The role of appetitive needs in the etiology of addiction is described in this chapter, including consideration of typologies of needs, how appetitive need-satiation cycles may cross over into addiction, and factors that may facilitate dysregulation of appetitive effects. An overview of an Associational Memory-Appetitive System Relations Model (AMASR) is presented. The constituents of this model are described and include neurobiological vulnerability, lifestyle pushes (stresses) and pulls (seductions), associative learning of relations among addiction-related cues with subjective perception of appetitive needs fulfillment, and associative memory for alternative behaviors, all which interact and lead to addictive or nonaddictive behavior.