A nondestructive Bell-state measurement on two distant atomic qubits
Stephan Welte, Philip Thomas, Lukas Hartung, Severin Daiss, Stefan Langenfeld, Olivier Morin, Gerhard Rempe, Emanuele Distante
Abstract
Abstract One of the most fascinating aspects of quantum networks is their capability to distribute entanglement as a nonlocal communication resource 1 . In a first step, this requires network-ready devices that can generate and store entangled states 2 . Another crucial step, however, is to develop measurement techniques that allow for entanglement detection. Demonstrations for different platforms 3–13 suffer from being not complete, destructive or local. Here, we demonstrate a complete and nondestructive measurement scheme 14–16 that always projects any initial state of two spatially separated network nodes onto a maximally entangled state. Each node consists of an atom trapped inside an optical resonator from which two photons are successively reflected. Polarization measurements on the photons discriminate between the four maximally entangled states. Remarkably, such states are not destroyed by our measurement. In the future, our technique might serve to probe the decay of entanglement and to stabilize it against dephasing via repeated measurements 17,18 .