A Systematic Investigation Unveils High Coinfection Status of Porcine Parvovirus Types 1 through 7 in China from 2016 to 2020
Jixiang Li, Yanzhao Xiao, Ming Qiu, Xinshuai Li, Xinshuai Li, Shubin Li, Hong Lin, Xiangdong Li, Xiangdong Li, Jianzhong Zhu, Nanhua Chen
Abstract
Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) are prevalent in China associating with reproductive failure in swine. The coinfection of seven genotypes of PPVs (PPV1-7) might have synergistic effects on PPV1 associated SMEDI syndrome. However, the coinfection status of PPV1-7 in China is not clear yet. This study showed that PPV1-7 strains are highly prevalent (55.40%) in China and mainly in nursery and finishing pigs in recent years. In addition, the coinfections of different genotypes of PPVs (27.36%) and PPVs with PCV2 (22.30%) are common. Geographic analysis indicated that different genotypes of PPVs are widely cocirculating in China. Intriguingly, a PPV7 strain from the domestic pig was detected as a recombinant from two wild boar isolates. Selective pressure analyses showed that PPV1-7 are mainly under purifying selection. Our findings provide the first systematic investigation on the prevalence, coinfection, and evolution of PPV1 through PPV7 in Chinese swineherds from 2016 to 2020.