HFIP in Organic Synthesis
Hashim F. Motiwala, Ahlam M. Armaly, Jackson G. Cacioppo, Thomas C. Coombs, Kimberly R. K. Koehn, Verrill M. Norwood, Jeffrey Aubé
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.