High‐Pressure Reverse Osmosis for Industrial Water Recycling: Permeate‐Sided Pressure Drop as Performance‐Limiting Factor
Christine Kleffner, Gerd Braun, Sergiy Antonyuk
Abstract
Abstract In the chemical industry large amounts of saline wastewater occur. Its disposal into rivers is a considerable burden to the ecosystem. To strive for a circular economy and enable a viable raw material recycling, energy‐efficient concentration processes are requisite. High‐pressure reverse osmosis meets this criterion, but its industrial application demands suitable membrane elements that withstand the exceptional operation conditions and provide sufficient performance. Hence, new requirements regarding the design of spiral‐wound elements arise. To identify those, specific performance‐limiting effects need a better understanding.
Topics & Concepts
Reverse osmosisLimitingPressure dropProcess engineeringWaste managementWastewaterEnvironmental scienceEnvironmental engineeringMembraneEngineeringChemistryMechanical engineeringThermodynamicsPhysicsBiochemistryMembrane Separation TechnologiesElectrohydrodynamics and Fluid DynamicsMembrane Separation and Gas Transport