Super-wideband Fractal Antenna for Future Generations of Wireless Communication
Mohamed Salah Fouad, Asmaa E. Farahat, Khalid Fawzy Ahmed Hussein, Abdel Hamied Abdel Meneam Shaalan, M. F. Ahmed
Abstract
A super-wideband (SWB) antenna of enhanced performance is proposed to cover the frequency band from 3 to 30 GHz. The proposed antenna can be regarded as a two-arm antenna of fractal structure. Each of the antenna arms can be viewed as composed of multiple merged wideband fractal elements. Each fractal element is a wide-flare metallic sector-shaped radiator with circular (arc-shaped) edges to enhance the bandwidth over which the antenna impedance is matched to 50 feeder. A novel SWB balun is proposed for feeding the two-arm antenna of its balanced structure through the conventional coaxial feeder of its unbalanced structure. For experimental assessment of its performance, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured by a vector network analyzer (VNA). The experimental results come in agreement with the results obtained by the CST R simulator. It is shown that the proposed antenna has a ratio bandwidth (RBW) of 10 : 1, percentage bandwidth (%BW) of 164%, and bandwidth-dimension ratio (BDR) of 1952. The efficiency of radiation of the proposed antenna is shown to be greater than 98% over most of the operational frequency band.