COVID‐19 and liver dysfunction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of retrospective studies
Mohanad R. Youssef, Mohammad H. Hussein, Abdallah S. Attia, Rami M. Elshazli, Mahmoud Omar, Ghassan Zora, Ashraf S Farhoud, Ahmed Elnahla, Areej Shihabi, Eman A. Toraih, Manal S. Fawzy, Emad Kandil
Abstract
Recently, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the most significant global health crisis. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to find the association between liver injuries and the severity of COVID-19 disease. Online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science direct, were searched to detect relevant publications up to 16 April 2020. Depending on the heterogeneity between studies, a fixed- or random-effects model was applied to pool data. Publication bias Egger's test was also performed. Meta-analysis of 20 retrospective studies (3428 patients), identified that patients with a severe manifestation of COVID-19 exhibited significantly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin values with prolonged prothrombin time. Furthermore, lower albumin level was associated with a severe presentation of COVID-19. Liver dysfunction was associated with a severe outcome of COVID-19 disease. Close monitoring of the occurrence of liver dysfunction is beneficial in early warning of unfavorable outcomes.