Carbonyl-Photoredox/Metal Dual Catalysis: Applications in Organic Synthesis
Hong‐Xi Li, Da‐Liang Zhu, David James Young
Abstract
Photoredox/metal dual catalysis is a versatile tandem methodology to construct carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. The focus of this short review is the application of this technology to C(sp3)–C(sp3), C(sp3)–C(sp2), C(sp2)–C(sp2), C(sp2)–O, and C(sp3)–O bond formation induced by readily available and inexpensive carbonyl complexes as single electron transfer agents, photosensitizers, or hydrogen atom transfer agents. 1 Introduction 2 Homocoupling of Aryl Halides 3 Functionalization of C(sp3)–H Bonds 3.1 Dehydrogenation of Alkanes 3.2 Arylation/Alkylation 3.3 Carboxylation 3.4 Acylation 3.5 Hydroalkylation of Olefins 3.6 Hydroalkylation of Imines 4 Benzoylation of Aryl Bromides 5 Aryl Esterification 6 Oxidation of β-Keto Esters 7 Conclusions and Future Outlook