Facile synthesis of a luminescent carbon material from yogurt for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Aneela Tahira, Aqeel Ahmed Shah, Umair Aftab, Brigitte Vigolo, Amira R. Khattab, Ayman Nafady, Imran Ali Halepoto, Matteo Tonezzer, Zafar Hussain Ibupoto
Abstract
M with a degradation efficiency of 94.8%. The degradation was highly enhanced at pH 11 with a degradation efficiency of 98.11%. The degradation of MB under highly alkaline conditions was mainly governed by the high amount of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the scavenger study confirmed that the hydroxyl radicals were mainly involved in the degradation process. The degradation kinetics of MB followed first order kinetics with large values of rate constant. The reusability was also studied to ensure the stability of the as-prepared carbon material during the degradation of MB. The preparation of carbon materials with efficient photosensitivity for the degradation of organic dyes from yogurt shows a green and innovative methodology. Therefore, it can be of great interest for future studies related to energy and environmental applications.