Participation of African American Persons in Clinical Trials Supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval of Cancer Drugs

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Letters18 August 2020Participation of African American Persons in Clinical Trials Supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval of Cancer DrugsCorrection(s) for this article:CorrectionsJun 2021Correction: Participation of African American Persons in Clinical Trials Supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval of Cancer DrugsFREESamer Al Hadidi, MD, MS, Martha Mims, MD, PhD, Courtney Nicole Miller-Chism, MD, and Rammurti Kamble, MDSamer Al Hadidi, MD, MSBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (S.A., M.M., C.N.M., R.K.), Martha Mims, MD, PhDBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (S.A., M.M., C.N.M., R.K.), Courtney Nicole Miller-Chism, MDBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (S.A., M.M., C.N.M., R.K.), and Rammurti Kamble, MDBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (S.A., M.M., C.N.M., R.K.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M20-0410 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: In the United States, African American persons have the highest death rate and lowest survival rate of any racial or ethnic group for most types of cancer. Socioeconomic factors have been blamed for racial disparities in cancer outcomes (1). However, studies have shown that differences persist despite risk stratification for socioeconomic status and access to care, suggesting that patient comorbid conditions, differences in tumor biology, and underrepresentation of minorities in clinical trials may play a role. For example, certain types of cancer, such as multiple myeloma and prostate cancer, are more common in African American persons, yet landmark trials ...References1. Bach PB, Schrag D, Brawley OW, et al. Survival of blacks and whites after a cancer diagnosis. JAMA. 2002;287:2106-2113. [PMID: 11966385] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Zeng C, Wen W, Morgans AK, et al. Disparities by race, age, and sex in the improvement of survival for major cancers: results from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program in the United States, 1990 to 2010. JAMA Oncol. 2015;1:88-96. [PMID: 26182310] doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2014.161 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Rivers D, August EM, Sehovic I, et al. A systematic review of the factors influencing African Americans' participation in cancer clinical trials. Contemp Clin Trials. 2013;35:13-32. [PMID: 23557729] doi:10.1016/j.cct.2013.03.007 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Eltayeb AE, Demas DM, Clarke R, et al. The unfolded protein response may contribute to racial disparity in endocrine responsiveness in breast cancer [Abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 18–22 April 2015. Cancer Res. 2015;75(15 Suppl). Abstract no. 1258. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1258 Google Scholar5. Niranjan SJ, Martin MY, Fouad MN, et al. Bias and stereotyping among research and clinical professionals: perspectives on minority recruitment for oncology clinical trials. Cancer. 2020;126:1958-1968. [PMID: 32147815] doi:10.1002/cncr.32755 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (S.A., M.M., C.N.M., R.K.)Presented in part at the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Chicago, Illinois, 31 May to 4 June 2019; the Texas Society of Clinical Oncology 2019 Annual Conference, San Antonio, Texas, 14 September 2019; the 2019 Society of Hematologic Oncology Annual Meeting, Houston, Texas, 11 to 14 September 2019; and the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2019, San Antonio, Texas, 11 to 14 December 2019.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M20-0410.Reproducible Research Statement: Study protocol, statistical code, and data set: Available from Dr. Al Hadidi (e-mail, [email protected]edu).Corresponding Author: Samer Al Hadidi, MD, MS, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Alkek Building for Biomedical Research, One Baylor Plaza, Fourth Floor, Houston, TX 77030; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Correction: This article was corrected on 17 March 2021 to update the disclosures for one of the authors.This article was published at Annals.org on 23 June 2020. 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