Piezoelectric properties of noncovalently functionalized <scp>2D</scp> nanomaterials incorporated poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanocomposites
Akanksha Adaval, Vaibhav Khurana, Bharat Bhushan Bhatt, Shiva Singh, Dipti Gupta, Pradip K. Maji, M. Aslam, Terence W. Turney, George P. Simon, Arup R. Bhattacharyya
Abstract
Abstract We report here for the first time the role of noncovalently functionalized 2D nanomaterials on the ferroelectric and piezoelectric behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanocomposites. Graphene oxide (GO), expanded graphite (EG) and hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) were noncovalently modified via Li‐salt of 6‐amino hexanoic acid (Li‐AHA), denoted as m‐GO, m‐EG and m‐BN, in order to de‐agglomerate and de‐stack them, which were subsequently incorporated into the PVDF matrix via solution mixing, followed by compression molding. Simultaneously, PVDF nanocomposites with unmodified 0.08 wt% of 2D nanomaterials were also prepared using the same methodology. PVDF/m‐BN nanocomposite showed a higher extent of polar phase (~36%) associated with PVDF phase as compared to PVDF/m‐GO and PVDF/m‐EG nanocomposites. Further, the highest permittivity (~58 at 10 −1 Hz) was achieved in PVDF/m‐BN nanocomposite, which was also reflected in higher remnant polarization (~61 nC/cm 2 ) and a significantly higher d 33 value (~53 pm/V). Moreover, a higher output peak to peak voltage (~13 V) was obtained for the sensor device fabricated from PVDF/m‐BN nanocomposite. Thus, the role of Li‐AHA‐modified 2D nanomaterials in improving the morphology, dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric characteristics of the PVDF nanocomposites was clearly established.