Rapid Affinity Purification of Tagged Plant Mitochondria (Mito-AP) for Metabolome and Proteome Analyses
Markus Niehaus, Henryk Straube, Patrick Künzler, Nils Rugen, Jan Hegermann, Patrick Giavalisco, Holger Eubel, Claus‐Peter Witte, Marco Herde
Abstract
) exclusively decorates mitochondria, enabling their selective affinity purification using magnetic beads coated with Strep-Tactin. With Mito-AP, intact mitochondria from 0.5 g plant material were highly enriched in 30-60 min, considerably faster than with conventional gradient centrifugation. Combining gradient centrifugation and Mito-AP techniques resulted in high purity of >90% mitochondrial proteins in the lysate. Mito-AP supports mitochondrial proteome analysis by shotgun proteomics. The relative abundances of proteins from distinct mitochondrial isolation methods were correlated. A cluster of 619 proteins was consistently enriched by all methods. Among these were several proteins that lack subcellular localization data or that are currently assigned to other compartments. Mito-AP is also compatible with mitochondrial metabolome analysis by triple-quadrupole and orbitrap mass spectrometry. Mito-AP preparations showed a strong enrichment with typical mitochondrial lipids like cardiolipins and demonstrated the presence of several ubiquinones in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Affinity purification of organelles is a powerful tool for reaching higher spatial and temporal resolution for the analysis of metabolomic and proteomic dynamics within subcellular compartments. Mito-AP is small scale, rapid, economic, and potentially applicable to any organelle or to organelle subpopulations.