A critical review on multifunctional smart materials ‘nanographene’ emerging avenue: nano-imaging and biosensor applications
Kaushik Pal, Nidhi Asthana, Alaa A. A. Aljabali, Sheetal K. Bhardwaj, Samo Kralj, Anastasia Penkova, Sabu Thomas, Tean Zaheer, Fernando Gomes de Souza
Abstract
Smart electronic materials ‘nanographene’ stated, its significant authentication has undergone massive improvements and has emerged as a ‘material of the century’ in materialize fields of ‘Chemical Biology’ and ‘Materials Chemistry’. ‘Graphene’ as a wonder material has been proposed to possess a high surface area (∼2600 m2 g−1), high portability of charge carriers and excellent mechanical qualities. Moreover, the long-extend π-conjugation of graphene is an essential photocatalytic property enabling wide ranging biosensor activities. Herein, critical review article reflects well known yet a brand-new novel material ‘nanographene’ and its versatile integrations, utilized for substantial enrichment of desired properties. Target cost-effectiveness, plasticity, and environment-friendliness of melt mixing/compounding fabrication strategy employed to utilize in-vivo, in-vitro, and in- situ, pharmaceutical, nano-imaging protocols. Owing to nanographene’s wide range expansion, summarized latest breakthroughs in Materials Science as well as Biomedical utilizations including cancer nanotechnology, drug delivery, tissue manufacturing, scaffold, photo-thermal therapy, antimicrobial activities, made up of exploring the significant opportunities and key challenges in this novel emerging field.