Evidence of Weak Circumstellar Medium Interaction in the Type II SN 2023axu
Manisha Shrestha, Jeniveve Pearson, S. Wyatt, David J. Sand, G. Hosseinzadeh, K. Azalee Bostroem, Jennifer E. Andrews, Yize Dong, Emily Hoang, Daryl Janzen, J. Jencson, M. Lundquist, Darshana Mehta, N. Meza, S. Valenti, Jillian Rastinejad, Phil Daly, Dallan Porter, J. L. Hinz, Skyler Self, Benjamin J. Weiner, G. G. Williams, D. Hiramatsu, D. A. Howell, C. McCully, Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, C. Pellegrino, G. Terreran, Megan Newsome, Joseph Farah, K. Itagaki, Saurabh W. Jha, Lindsey A. Kwok, Nathan Smith, Michaela Schwab, Jeonghee Rho, Yi Yang
Abstract
Abstract We present high-cadence photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2023axu, a classical Type II supernova with an absolute V -band peak magnitude of –17.2 ± 0.1 mag. SN 2023axu was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc (DLT40) survey within 1 day of the last nondetection in the nearby galaxy NGC 2283 at 13.7 Mpc. We modeled the early light curve using a recently updated shock cooling model that includes the effects of line blanketing and found the explosion epoch to be MJD 59971.48 ± 0.03 and the probable progenitor to be a red supergiant. The shock cooling model underpredicts the overall UV data, which point to a possible interaction with circumstellar material. This interpretation is further supported by spectral behavior. We see a ledge feature around 4600 Å in the very early spectra (+1.1 and +1.5 days after the explosion), which can be a sign of circumstellar interaction. The signs of circumstellar material are further bolstered by the presence of absorption features blueward of H α and H β at day >40, which is also generally attributed to circumstellar interaction. Our analysis shows the need for high-cadence early photometric and spectroscopic data to decipher the mass-loss history of the progenitor.