The role of family support in diabetes <scp>self‐management</scp> among rural adult patients
Rongsong Tang, Dan Luo, Baohua Li, Jingpin Wang, Mingzi Li
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the role of the family in supporting diabetes self-management and explore the possible mechanisms between family and diabetes self-management among rural patients in China. BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing rapidly in rural areas of China, where healthcare resources remain relatively poor and family members play an important role in chronic disease self-management. DESIGN: This was a multicentre cross-sectional study. METHODS: A total of 276 adults with T2DM were recruited from nine county hospitals in China. Diabetes self-management, family support, family function, and family self-efficacy were evaluated using the mature scales. A theoretical model was built based on the social learning family model and previous studies and then verified using a structural equation model. The STROBE statement was used to standardise the study procedure. RESULTS: Family support and general family factors, including family function and self-efficacy, were positively correlated with diabetes self-management. Family support fully mediates the relationship between family function and diabetes self-management and partially mediates the relationship between family self-efficacy and diabetes self-management. The model explained 41% of the variability in diabetes self-management and had a good model fit. CONCLUSION: General family factors can explain nearly half of the change in diabetes self-management in rural areas of China, while family support is a mediator between general family factors and diabetes self-management. Family self-efficacy, a potential intervention point of family based diabetes self-management education, can be improved by building special lessons for family members. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This study emphasises the role of family in diabetes self-management and proposes suggestions for diabetes self-management intervention among patients with T2DM in rural areas of China. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Patients and their family members completed the questionnaire which was used for data collection.