Homogeneous freezing of water droplets for different volumes and cooling rates
Nadia Shardt, Florin N. Isenrich, Benedikt Waser, Claudia Marcolli, Zamin A. Kanji, Andrew J. deMello, Ulrike Lohmann
Abstract
). By varying both droplet volume and cooling rate, we were able to probe a temperature range of 236.5-239.3 K with an accuracy of ±0.2 K, providing reliable data where previously determined nucleation rates suffered from large uncertainties and inconsistencies, especially at temperatures above 238 K. From these data and from Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate the importance of obtaining a sufficiently large dataset so that underlying nucleation rates are not overestimated at higher temperatures. Finally, we obtain new parameters for a previous parameterisation by fitting to our newly measured nucleation rates, enabling its use in applications where ice formation needs to be predicted.