Revising Concepts on Liquid–Liquid Extraction: Data Treatment and Data Reliability
Alberto Arce, Alberto Arce, Oscar Rodrı́guez
Abstract
The intention of this article is to clarify some concepts and relevant aspects of the experimental determination and treatment of liquid–liquid equilibrium data for ternary systems. Distinction is made between solubility curve and binodal curve, setting the stability limit which is defined by the spinodal curve. In addition, it is recommended to carry out the equilibrium data correlation using semiempirical models with a thermodynamic base, over the use of empirical equations. Moreover, the misuse of these empirical equations (Hand, Bachman, Othmer-Tobias, etc.) as proof of data quality or consistency is clarified.
Topics & Concepts
BinodalChemistrySpinodalLiquid liquidThermodynamicsTernary operationConsistency (knowledge bases)Limit (mathematics)Stability (learning theory)SolubilityReliability (semiconductor)Phase equilibriumChromatographyPhase (matter)Phase diagramPhysical chemistryOrganic chemistryPhysicsComputer scienceMathematicsMathematical analysisArtificial intelligenceMachine learningPower (physics)Programming languagePhase Equilibria and ThermodynamicsChemical and Physical Properties in Aqueous SolutionsCrystallization and Solubility Studies