Quantum-Inspired Control Strategies for Reducing DC-Link Voltage Fluctuations in DFIG Wind Energy Converters
Sarika Shrivastava, Saifullah Khalid, Dinesh Kumar Nishad
Abstract
The integration of renewable energy sources into power grids presents significant technical challenges, particularly regarding voltage stability and power quality. While Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) offer superior performance in variable wind conditions, their DC-link voltage fluctuations remain a critical concern affecting system reliability, component longevity, and grid compliance. This paper presents a quantum-inspired discrete Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to stabilize DC-link voltage in DFIG-based wind energy systems. The approach integrates quantum computing principles into classical control frameworks, creating a hybrid methodology that leverages quantum-inspired optimization while maintaining implementation feasibility on conventional hardware. By incorporating quantum-inspired algorithms into the Grid-Side Converter (GSC) control framework, the strategy dynamically adjusts PI gains using qubit-based probabilistic modeling—where control parameters exist simultaneously in multiple potential states, similar to quantum bits existing in both 0 and 1 states concurrently. This superposition-based optimization explores multiple solution spaces in parallel, achieving 40-50% faster convergence than classical methods. Simulations of a 1.5 MW DFIG system demonstrated a 69.6% reduction in steady-state voltage fluctuations (from 11.97% to 3.64%) and 73.8% improvement during symmetrical faults (from 33.33% to 11.31%), while limiting peak deviations to <10% during unsymmetrical faults (L-L-G/L-G). The controller maintained stable DC-link voltage at 1150V ±40V under normal operation and exhibited only 3.5% overshoot during fault conditions, significantly outperforming conventional PI and fuzzy controllers. This quantum-classical hybrid approach reduces mechanical stress on capacitors and converters, extends equipment lifespan, and enables higher renewable integration through improved grid stability while maintaining compliance with IEEE 1547-2018 standards.